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                <a href="/2019/10/07/geekdaily/next_code_theme/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">【极客日常】hexo+NexT博客自定义代码高亮主题配色CSS</a>
              
            
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              <time title="创建时间：2019-10-07 11:14:13" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2019-10-07T11:14:13+08:00">2019-10-07</time>
            

            
              

              
                
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          <p>用hexo+NexT搭建博客的同学或许会遇到一个问题：默认的代码配色只有<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL2Nocmlza2VtcHNvbi90b21vcnJvdy10aGVtZQ==" title="https://github.com/chriskempson/tomorrow-theme">Tomorrow Theme<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>五种，如果想要自己的代码配色，应当如何自定义呢？</p>
<p>其实也是可以的。在NexT的<code>source/css/highlight/theme.styl</code>中，我们就可以看到几种主题的具体配色：</p>
<figure class="highlight styl"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="variable">$highlight_theme</span> = hexo-config(<span class="string">"highlight_theme"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="variable">$highlight_theme</span> == <span class="string">"normal"</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-<span class="attribute">background</span>   = <span class="number">#f7f7f7</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-current-line = <span class="number">#efefef</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-selection    = <span class="number">#d6d6d6</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-foreground   = <span class="number">#4d4d4c</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-comment      = <span class="number">#8e908c</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-red          = <span class="number">#c82829</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-orange       = <span class="number">#f5871f</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-yellow       = <span class="number">#eab700</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-green        = <span class="number">#718c00</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-aqua         = <span class="number">#3e999f</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-blue         = <span class="number">#4271ae</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-purple       = <span class="number">#8959a8</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-gutter       = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attribute">color</span>: <span class="number">#869194</span>,</span><br><span class="line">    bg-<span class="attribute">color</span>: <span class="number">#eff2f3</span></span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="variable">$highlight_theme</span> == <span class="string">"night"</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-<span class="attribute">background</span>   = <span class="number">#1d1f21</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-current-line = <span class="number">#282a2e</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-selection    = <span class="number">#373b41</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-foreground   = <span class="number">#c5c8c6</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-comment      = <span class="number">#969896</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-red          = <span class="number">#cc6666</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-orange       = <span class="number">#de935f</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-yellow       = <span class="number">#f0c674</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-green        = <span class="number">#b5bd68</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-aqua         = <span class="number">#8abeb7</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-blue         = <span class="number">#81a2be</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-purple       = <span class="number">#b294bb</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="variable">$highlight</span>-gutter       = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attribute">color</span>: lighten(<span class="variable">$highlight</span>-background, <span class="number">50%</span>),</span><br><span class="line">    bg-<span class="attribute">color</span>: darken(<span class="variable">$highlight</span>-background, <span class="number">100%</span>)</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">...</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>我们可以看到其实如果要增加一个自定义主题的话，其实加一段if跟其配色，然后在配置里配置theme的关键词就好了。那么自己配色的话应该怎样参考呢？我们可以在<code>source/css/highlight/highlight.styl</code>中找到答案：</p>
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            <p>在<a href="https://utmhikari.github.io/2019/07/20/gofromzero/firstcode/">从零单排Golang第一话</a>中讲到了Golang的基础开发环境配置，其中讲到了Go的依赖管理方面，提及了以后的趋势会采用官方的go mod进行管理。关于这一块，现在有了更加简单的方法。</p>
<p>最新的Go1.13中已经将go mod列为默认的包管理方法，但国内用户go mod vendor时还是有可能会出错，这是因为在go get时会检查哈希值，需要访问官方的sumdb。由于众所周知的不可抗因素，sumdb没法直接访问，这样就会造成下载依赖失败。解决的方法也很简单，只需要一行终端命令即可：</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>如果采用idea+Go插件开发的话需要注意，idea可能会托管环境变量，这个时候需要进入<code>settings, languages &amp; frameworks, go, go modules</code>里，设置proxy为<code>https://goproxy.cn,direct</code>，就ok了。</p>

          
        
      
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                <a href="/2019/10/03/gofromzero/kubernetes_mongo/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">【从零单排Golang】第四话：Win10安装minikube，用client-go部署mongodb</a>
              
            
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          <h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p><span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3V0bWhpa2FyaS9nb2Zyb216ZXJv" title="https://github.com/utmhikari/gofromzero">Github传送门<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span></p>
<p>提起Golang，就不得不提起<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9rdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3poLw==" title="https://kubernetes.io/zh/">kubernetes<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>，在崇尚上云的今天，kubernetes已成为服务端同学必需掌握之学问。在<a href="https://utmhikari.github.io/2019/09/01/gofromzero/docker_client/">第三话</a>中，我们介绍了docker容器，它相当于虚拟操作系统，可以提供环境供各种不同的应用运行，从而实现轻量部署。但要是业务复杂，需要部署较多应用的话，就会遇到许多运维相关的问题，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li>应用关联的资源很多都需要持久化存储，它们的存储空间需要怎样分配及调度呢？</li>
<li>不同地域的应用，如何取得相互联系？</li>
<li>在应用集群中，如果有一个子应用挂了，该怎么办？</li>
<li>。。。</li>
</ul>
<p>这些问题，单靠docker是解决不了的（也不是docker所要关心的），需要在docker的基础上做更高层次的运维平台才能解决，而kubernetes，就是方案之一。复杂的调度逻辑，都会由kubernetes负责，而运维开发人员则基本只需向kubernetes提供资源及其描述，就能满足运维需求，从而提升工作效率。</p>
<p>既然准备入坑，就需要强行踩下去，因此今天就试试“家中上云”，单机搭建kubernetes，部署一个mongodb数据库。废话不多说，咱们开始吧~</p>
<h2 id="minikube——在Win10本地搭建kubernetes"><a href="#minikube——在Win10本地搭建kubernetes" class="headerlink" title="minikube——在Win10本地搭建kubernetes"></a>minikube——在Win10本地搭建kubernetes</h2>
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          <h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p>上周电脑突发极其奇怪的bug，启动了不到一会儿CPU阻塞，所有程序打不开，安全模式查毒、修复系统、清存储卸软件均没有获得较好的效果。因此索性重装了Windows，所有一切推倒重来。</p>
<p>既然推倒重来，那CSGO就是不得不装的一款游戏。CSGO到现在也有10年的历史了，然而在网上能搜到的游戏优化设置要么过时，要么没有详尽的整合。因此，本文章借着装机经验，整理了自己优化CSGO的历程~</p>
<p>由于笔者为Win10+N卡，因此在Linux/Mac以及非N卡下玩CSGO的同学，部分配置还需另行google~</p>
<h2 id="Win10游戏设置"><a href="#Win10游戏设置" class="headerlink" title="Win10游戏设置"></a>Win10游戏设置</h2><p>运行在Win10的游戏需要关闭Win10自带的游戏优化与配置</p>
<p>首先关闭XBox自带的DVR（游戏内录像之类），有很多种方法，这里通过注册表方式解决：</p>
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          <h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p>rpc（远程过程调用），是不同主机间的交互的机制之一。好比说，我们想要获取服务器的某个资源，我们就可以发送一条讯息给服务器，然后服务器解析信息，再返回推送资源的信息，这样，便实现了我们客户端跟服务器的相互的“远程调用”。</p>
<p>为了让不同主机之间能够相互理解发送的讯息，我们需要约定统一的信息格式标准，使得不同的主机可以发送基于这个信息格式的讯息，也可以解析这个格式。这种标准，我们称之为协议（protocol）。</p>
<p>Lua中协议选择有许多种，protobuf、json均可。但是今天，就稍微介绍一下云风同志当年为lua量身设计的sproto协议以及其用于协议测试的二次开发。So, let the party begin~</p>
<h2 id="sproto协议描述"><a href="#sproto协议描述" class="headerlink" title="sproto协议描述"></a>sproto协议描述</h2><p><span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL2Nsb3Vkd3Uvc3Byb3Rv" title="https://github.com/cloudwu/sproto">sproto<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>是专用于lua的协议框架，相对于protobuf跟json，sproto在数据的序列化/反序列化效率上有极大的优势。rpc中为了快速效率地传送协议数据，会将数据组装压缩发送，接收端再解压拆解数据识别消息，从而减小了网络传输的开销。这个数据处理过程便可称之为序列化/反序列化。</p>
<p>sproto的设计类似于<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9kZXZlbG9wZXJzLmdvb2dsZS5jb20vcHJvdG9jb2wtYnVmZmVycy8/aGw9emgtQ04=" title="https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/?hl=zh-CN">protobuf<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>，基本类型为<code>string</code>、<code>binary</code>、<code>integer</code>以及<code>boolean</code>四种。对于array序列的支持，则加上引用星号<code>*</code>即可；对于非整数的支持方面，用户可以parse string来处理实数，或者指定integer的小数位数来处理小数（decimal）。除此之外，用户也可以像编程里面strcut那样自定义类型，类型与类型之间也可以嵌套。</p>
<p>我们可以从<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL2Nsb3Vkd3Uvc3Byb3RvL2Jsb2IvbWFzdGVyL1JFQURNRS5tZA==" title="https://github.com/cloudwu/sproto/blob/master/README.md">readme<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>中寻找各种例子。数据类型的例子如下：</p>
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                <a href="/2019/09/01/gofromzero/docker_client/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">【从零单排Golang】第三话：利用docker client本地部署MySQL</a>
              
            
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          <h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p><span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3V0bWhpa2FyaS9nb2Zyb216ZXJv" title="https://github.com/utmhikari/gofromzero">Github传送门<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span></p>
<p>最近回忆起了在学校那会儿趣事：刚开始上数据库原理课程，一开始装Microsoft SQL Server，全班同学都在吐槽，怨声载道——这个说数据库咋启动不了，那个说数据库咋卸载不干净，个个焦头烂额，实在是好一番风景。唉，那时候就在想，要是有一个类似于软件管家的东西托管Microsoft SQL Server，让我们一键安装/卸载，可不就好了。</p>
<p>进入工业界，接触了运维方面的知识，才了解到<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZG9ja2VyLmNvbS8=" title="https://www.docker.com/">docker<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>的存在。不同于当年常用的虚拟机软件（VMWare WorkStation），docker并未对操作系统的硬件支撑做虚拟化，只是操作系统的进程，但却模拟了一个操作系统的环境，因此相对于虚拟机而言，docker更加轻量。轻量的运行环境意味着基于docker的部署，在管理与调度上会更加容易。看，kubernetes！</p>
<p>再回到我们的学习生活，拿MySQL为例吧——有了docker，安装卸载MySQL，就会变得无比容易。首先<code>docker pull mysql</code>；而后整理一下配置——通过<code>-v</code>映射数据在本地的存储路径，通过<code>-p</code>暴露出来mysql容器的端口，通过<code>-e</code>设置MySQL密码等环境变量；之后<code>docker run</code>带上上面的设置，我们的MySQL就启动了！要彻底卸载的话，只需要三行命令：<code>docker stop ${MySQL容器ID}</code>、<code>docker rm ${MySQL容器ID}</code>与<code>docker image rm ${MySQL镜像ID}</code>，就ok了，是不是EZPZ？</p>
<p>正好，docker是基于Golang编写。因此本期从零单排，我们就用Golang来挑战一下如何与docker交互吧~</p>
<h2 id="编写Golang程序部署MySQL"><a href="#编写Golang程序部署MySQL" class="headerlink" title="编写Golang程序部署MySQL"></a>编写Golang程序部署MySQL</h2><p>首先，我们研究一下相关的技术栈：官方提供的Golang客户端库<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9nb2RvYy5vcmcvZ2l0aHViLmNvbS9kb2NrZXIvZG9ja2VyL2NsaWVudA==" title="https://godoc.org/github.com/docker/docker/client">docker client<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>为Golang与docker间搭建了桥梁，其实质是对<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9kb2NzLmRvY2tlci5jb20vZW5naW5lL2FwaS92MS4yNC8=" title="https://docs.docker.com/engine/api/v1.24/">docker engine api<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>的抽象；而docker engine api实质则是一个HTTP后端，是对docker内部镜像与容器管理功能的抽象。</p>
<p>通过docker client库，我们只需关心相关的参数输入。库中的方法会自动拼装参数，发送至docker engine api，从而实现交互。docker client的一些小例子，可以参考<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9kb2NzLmRvY2tlci5jb20vZGV2ZWxvcC9zZGsvZXhhbXBsZXMv" title="https://docs.docker.com/develop/sdk/examples/">这里<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>。</p>
<p>接下来，我们必须研究一下，要部署MySQL容器，需要有哪些步骤：</p>
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          <h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p>提到lua，就不得不提协程coroutine。coroutine是lua的一种内在机制，为lua提供了原生的异步支持。从用户层面来看，用户不需关心coroutine的内在实现，而只需要用coroutine调度function即可，因此非常方便。</p>
<p>对于一个function而言，coroutine可以将function的代码分片，使得一个function可以分阶段运行。在实现上，function的状态管理会与CPU的机制相似。如果把一个function当做一个任务来看待的话，在coroutine的封装下，这个任务会被分解成多个阶段的子任务。这样，我们就可以把多个任务的子任务相互协调调度，实现更加灵活的功能交互。</p>
<p>因此，本期Lua杂谈，就来小试一抔coroutine的使用吧。</p>
<h2 id="coroutine的基本用法"><a href="#coroutine的基本用法" class="headerlink" title="coroutine的基本用法"></a>coroutine的基本用法</h2><p>官方5.3.5版本的coroutine库，提供了如下的接口：</p>
<figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// lcorolib.c</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> luaL_Reg co_funcs[] = &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;<span class="string">"create"</span>, luaB_cocreate&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;<span class="string">"resume"</span>, luaB_coresume&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;<span class="string">"running"</span>, luaB_corunning&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;<span class="string">"status"</span>, luaB_costatus&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;<span class="string">"wrap"</span>, luaB_cowrap&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;<span class="string">"yield"</span>, luaB_yield&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;<span class="string">"isyieldable"</span>, luaB_yieldable&#125;,</span><br><span class="line">  &#123;<span class="literal">NULL</span>, <span class="literal">NULL</span>&#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>用户可以通过<code>coroutine.wrap</code>与<code>coroutine.create</code>两种方式封装一个function（任务）。通过<code>wrap</code>封装任务会返回一个纯粹的lua函数（type为function），而用<code>create</code>封装则返回的是一个封装好的线程。</p>
<p>在Lua中，线程thread与协程coroutine的概念内涵有较多相似之处，但我们可以认为，线程是更加宏观广泛的概念，协程则是一种特殊的线程。线程强调的不同的<code>routine</code>之间运行是否独立；而协程强调的则是不同<code>routine</code>之间具有相互<code>co</code>的协作功能。</p>
<p>基于这两种方式调度任务的代码写法大同小异。以下以<code>create</code>封装任务为例，我们一起看看会是怎样的进行——</p>
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          <p>我们的日常生活离不开手机，有些同学喜欢用国产的安卓机，而另一些同学喜欢用简约的iPhone。</p>
<p>对比安卓和iOS的软件生态，我们可以发现：安卓软件的投放渠道繁多，题材花样繁复，质量大小不一，而iOS的投放渠道则为App Store独家，相对安卓软件来讲，不仅质量均衡，而且用户不必担心手机病毒的困扰。这一点，就归功于App Store严格的审核制度。</p>
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          <h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p>随着MTSC2019的召开，八月份各种测试工具相继开源，其中一款名为<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL2FsaXBheS9Tb2xvUGk=" title="https://github.com/alipay/SoloPi">SoloPi<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>的安卓自动化测试在月trending榜中排位靠前。移动App自动化测试是当前测试领域的风口之一，并且要开发一款兼容性好、需求适应多样的App，也并非三日之寒。为此，欢迎本期GitHub探索的主角——SoloPi！</p>
<p>测试环境为华为P20Pro，安卓版本8.1.0，SoloPi版本为0.9.1，下载地址可进入<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL2FsaXBheS9Tb2xvUGkvcmVsZWFzZXM=" title="https://github.com/alipay/SoloPi/releases">GitHub Release<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>查看。由于只有一个测试机，所以本次仅测试SoloPi的性能测试以及录制回放功能。下面，让我们开始试水吧~</p>
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          <h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p><span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3V0bWhpa2FyaS9nb2Zyb216ZXJv" title="https://github.com/utmhikari/gofromzero">Github传送门<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span></p>
<p>学一门新语言，如果太专注于语法，那肯定学的不够快。如果有一定的需求目标，带着这个目标去学习一门新语言，这样才能学得快。</p>
<p>工作中写后端的时间比例不在少数，而且传闻Go也因其适用于服务端而著名。在Go社区中最为火热的服务端框架跟数据库抽象ORM层当属<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL2dpbi1nb25pYy9naW4=" title="https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin">gin<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>跟<span class="exturl" data-url="aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL2ppbnpodS9nb3Jt" title="https://github.com/jinzhu/gorm">gorm<i class="fa fa-external-link"></i></span>了，因此本期单排的目标便是用gin+gorm打一个简易的框架，实现基本CRUD的目标。走你~</p>
<h2 id="准备工作"><a href="#准备工作" class="headerlink" title="准备工作"></a>准备工作</h2><p>在<a href="https://utmhikari.github.io/2019/07/20/gofromzero/first_code/">第一话</a>中已经大致了解了Go项目的生成，故本次gin+gorm的搭建也以此为基础。</p>
<p>服务端领域的各种术语在不同的场景跟技术栈下有不同的含义。但总体来讲，一个简单的服务端App都会有以下的层次：</p>
<ul>
<li>校验层：预处理请求，校验请求是否合法（大小、字段、cors、oauth之类），并判断是否拦截。通常也被称作中间层middleware</li>
<li>控制层：处理合法请求的起点——收集整理相应服务模块的结果，判断请求是否合理，决定返回的数据，遵循宽进严出原则。一般叫做Controller，gin里面叫做handler。</li>
<li>业务层：处理真实的业务逻辑，通过和数据层以及各个业务模块的交互从而校验并构建业务数据，交由控制层决策，一般可称之为service</li>
<li>数据层：抽象持久化数据（数据库）到代码层面并提供一系列交互访问的方法，ORM与DAO层都算在内</li>
</ul>
<p>基于以上结构，大致构建了以下的目录结构：</p>
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